Poyerekeza ndi masiwichi ena odzipatula, mfundo za ma vacuum circuit breakers ndi zosiyana ndi zomwe zimawomba maginito. Palibe dielectric mu vacuum, zomwe zimapangitsa arc kuzimitsa mwamsanga. Chifukwa chake, malo olumikizirana ndi data osunthika komanso osasunthika akusinthana kosinthira sikusiyana kwambiri. Zosintha zodzipatula nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamagetsi zamagetsi pokonza mafakitole okhala ndi ma voltages otsika! Ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha makina operekera magetsi, ma 10kV vacuum circuit breakers apangidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku China. Kwa ogwira ntchito yosamalira, lakhala vuto lachangu kuwongolera luso la owononga ma circuit vacuum, kulimbikitsa kukonza, ndikuwapangitsa kuti azigwira ntchito mosamala komanso modalirika. Kutengera chitsanzo cha ZW27-12, pepalali likufotokoza mwachidule mfundo yofunikira ndikukonza chophwanyira chotchinga chamagetsi.
1. Insulation katundu wa vacuum.
Vacuum imakhala ndi zoteteza mwamphamvu. Mu vacuum circuit breaker, nthunzi ndi woonda kwambiri, ndipo makonzedwe amtundu wa maselo a nthunzi ndi aakulu, ndipo mwayi wogundana ndi wochepa. Choncho, kukhudza mwachisawawa si chifukwa chachikulu malowedwe angalowe kusiyana, koma pansi pa mphamvu ya mkulu kulimba electrostatic kumunda, ndi elekitirodi-woyika zitsulo zinthu particles ndi chinthu chachikulu cha kutchinjiriza kuwonongeka.
Mphamvu yopondereza ya dielectric mumpata wa vacuum sikuti imangogwirizana ndi kukula kwa mpata komanso kuchuluka kwa gawo lamagetsi amagetsi, komanso imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a electrode yachitsulo komanso muyezo wapamtunda. Pakadutsa kamtunda kakang'ono (2-3mm), kusiyana kwa vacuum kumakhala ndi mphamvu zotchingira mpweya wothamanga kwambiri ndi mpweya wa SF6, chifukwa chake malo otsegulira mtunda wa chowotcha dera amakhala ochepa.
Mphamvu yachindunji ya ma elekitirodi achitsulo pamagetsi owonongeka amawonetsedwa makamaka pakulimba kwamphamvu (mphamvu yopondereza) yazinthu zopangira komanso malo osungunuka azitsulo. Kukwera kwa mphamvu yopondereza ndi malo osungunuka, kumapangitsa kuti dielectric compressive mphamvu ya gawo lamagetsi pansi pa vacuum.
Zoyeserera zikuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa vacuum kumapangitsa kuti mphamvu yamagetsi iwonongeke, koma yosasinthika pamwamba pa 10-4 Torr. Chifukwa chake, kuti mukhalebe ndi mphamvu yotsekereza yachipinda chowuzira maginito, kuchuluka kwa vacuum kuyenera kukhala kotsika kuposa 10-4 Torr.
2. Kukhazikitsidwa ndi kuzimitsa kwa arc mu vacuum.
Vacuum arc ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi kuyitanitsa ndi kutulutsa mpweya wa nthunzi zomwe mudaphunzirapo kale. Kusintha kwachisawawa kwa nthunzi sizomwe zimachititsa kuti arcing. Kuthamanga kwa vacuum arc ndi kutulutsa kumapangidwa mu nthunzi wazinthu zachitsulo zomwe zimatenthedwa ndi kukhudza electrode. Nthawi yomweyo, kukula kwaposachedwa komanso mawonekedwe a arc amasiyananso. Nthawi zambiri timawagawa kukhala vacuum arc yapano komanso vacuum arc yapano.
1. Arc yaing'ono yamakono.
Pamene malo olumikizirana atsegulidwa mu vacuum, izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mawonekedwe amtundu wa elekitirodi pomwe mphamvu zapano ndi za kinetic zimakhazikika kwambiri, ndipo nthunzi yambiri yachitsulo imasungunuka kuchokera pamalo olakwika amtundu wa elekitirodi. anayaka. Pa nthawi yomweyo, zitsulo zinthu nthunzi ndi magetsi particles mu arc ndime kupitiriza kufalikira, ndi siteji magetsi akupitiriza volatilize particles latsopano kudzaza. Pamene panopa kuwoloka zero, mphamvu ya kinetic ya arc imachepa, kutentha kwa electrode kumachepa, zotsatira zenizeni za volatilization zimachepa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa misa mu arc column kumachepa. Potsirizira pake, malo opanda electrode amachepa ndipo arc imazimitsidwa.
Nthawi zina kugwedezeka sikungathe kusunga chiwerengero cha kufalikira kwa mzere wa arc, ndipo arc imazimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi, zomwe zimachititsa kuti atseke.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-25-2022